An investigator is responsible for ensuring that an investigation is conducted according to the signed investigator statement, the investigational plan, and applicable regulations; for protecting the rights, safety, and welfare of subjects under the investigator's care; and for the control of drugs under investigation. An investigator shall obtain the informed consent of each human subject to whom the drug is administered, in accordance with part 50 of this chapter . Additional specific responsibilities of clinical investigators are set forth in this part and in parts 50 and 56 of this chapter .
21 CFR Part 312 · Investigational New Drug Application
§ 312.60 General responsibilities of investigators
Independent copy, not an official legal edition. 21 CFR is a U.S. Government work in the public domain; this text comes from the eCFR and the annual CFR edition, and may lag recent amendments. The authoritative version is on ecfr.gov. Compliome is not affiliated with or endorsed by FDA. Not legal advice.
What FDA inspectors cite under § 312.60
Form FDA 483 observations citing this section, fiscal years 2009–2026 (Bioresearch Monitoring).
- FD-1572, protocol compliance 1,990
- Informed consent 180
Warning letters citing § 312.60
54 FDA warning letters since 2017 cite this section ; the most recent:
- Maria E. De La Torre Silva, M.D. 27 Jul 2026
- Pratik Doshi, M.D. / Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd. 10 Jul 2026
- Jose M. Carpio, M.D. 28 May 2026
- Naseem A. Jaffrani, M.D. 4 May 2026
- Sourav K. Mishra, M.D. / All India Institute of Medical Sciences 29 Apr 2026
- Mukesh B. Chandre, M.D., MBBS/Ashirwad Hospital & Research Centre 29 Apr 2026
- Ehsan Sadri, M.D. 27 Mar 2026
- Adnan Dahdul, MD 12 Mar 2026
- Bertrand P. Cole, D.O. 2 Feb 2026
- Mark S. Dacey, M.D. 2 Feb 2026
- Purushothaman Damodara Kumaran, M.D. / Senthil Specialty Hospital 22 Dec 2025
- Devalingam Mahalingam, M.D., Ph.D. 11 Dec 2025
FDA guidance that cites § 312.60
- Investigator Responsibilities – Safety Reporting for Investigational Drugs and Devices: Guidance for Industry 15 Dec 2025
- Considerations for Including Tissue Biopsies in Clinical Trials draft 7 Jan 2025
- Protocol Deviations for Clinical Investigations of Drugs, Biological Products, and Devices draft 30 Dec 2024
- Conducting Clinical Trials With Decentralized Elements 18 Sept 2024
- Integrating Randomized Controlled Trials for Drug and Biological Products Into Routine Clinical Practice: Draft Guidance for Industry draft 18 Sept 2024
- Considerations for the Conduct of Clinical Trials of Medical Products During Major Disruptions Due to Disasters and Public Health Emergencies 21 Sept 2023
- Considerations When Transferring Clinical Investigation Oversight to Another IRB: Guidance for IRBs, Clinical Investigators, and Sponsors 23 May 2014
- IRB Continuing Review After Clinical Investigation Approval: Guidance for IRBs, Clinical Investigators, and Sponsors 27 Feb 2012
- Frequently Asked Questions – Statement of Investigator (Form FDA 1572): Guidance for Sponsors, Clinical Investigators, and IRBs 4 Jun 2010
- Investigator Responsibilities — Protecting the Rights, Safety, and Welfare of Study Subjects: Guidance for Industry 23 Oct 2009
- Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials: Guidance for Industry 27 Sept 2007
- Clinical Data Needed to Support the Licensure of Pandemic Influenza Vaccines: Guidance for Industry 31 May 2007
- Clinical Data Needed to Support the Licensure of Seasonal Inactivated Influenza Vaccines: Guidance for Industry 31 May 2007
- The Use of Clinical Holds Following Clinical Investigator Misconduct: Guidance for Industry and Clinical Investigators 2 Sept 2004
Amendment history
Federal Register documents that created or amended this section.
- 88 FR 88248 21 Dec 2023